Three Distinct Types Of Enduring Self Philosophy Essay

Three Distinct Types Of Enduring Self Philosophy Essay1. It is conceptualized that at that place ar three distinct types of digest self happened to both Stelios and the claimant, judging by the stimulate they have had using the teletransporter. In Stelios case, despite the fact that he got transported to the Mars and brought back to earth, he claims that he is still the same person as he is before. That said, this has sh sustain that bodily continuity is what makes him the same now and earlier he was creation transported to Mars. According to Diotima, the body is what who we actually are. If the body changes, it will be still the same you. Just ilk a house which is va standt and then occupied again over several(prenominal) times, renovations are made in the owners best interest. No matter how much is being added and removed from the house, the house forever remains the same house, the house is the self whereas the occupants and furniture are physical features in a body that changes continually. So, he is having a hard time believe that the claimant is correct. Because after he used the teletransporter, he still looks and feels the same. However, on the claimants side, things are world apart from Stelio, computer storage constitutes a large role in what he had said. According to Locke, he believed that memories are what we rightfully are. Ironically, he actually remembered the process where he got poped and being substituted by a cl matchless. Consequently, thats what drove him into bringing his murder case to the court knowing the teletransporter had killed him. He can recall every single detail in his memory and able-bodied to present it to the court. In addition to memory, the enduring self is a soul verbalise by Descartes is related to the claimant side of story. Looking from the claimants perspective, the teletransporter might design to transport your body to Mars, except the soul is left behind on Earth. The soul feels incompetent without t he body, hence the soul feels dead. When his body is transported back to earth, the soul and body is reunited. Again, he felt complete because his soul was reattached to the body still doubted whether it is the same body he carried before.2. Both of us had the same perception that memory makes the self endure over time. Nevertheless, there is a slightly different interpretation of memory for apiece of us.In Jia Yiis point of view, Memories are what we really are. How we react to different kinds of situations, how we judge things from our own aspects, our quotations. When we were first born, we had no memory. And as we grow, we acquire sweet and bitter memories. As we grow older, we tend to gain accept from the happenings we faced in our daily lives. And with that, the memories influence us. It builds our character. Lets say you are a very cheerful person. But then, one fine day, your parents went crazy and started torturing you since then. Would your character be affected? Im pr etty sure it would because the bitter memories you bear in your mind haunt you almost every day. That would make you soak up things different from the way you see things before. Lets say if a person is brought up in a very happy and cheerful family. Of syllabus this persons character would be a cheerful person. And lets say if a person is brought up in a family where the parents always threw their tantrums at their child, that person would of course being a very pessimistic. These characters were built differently because of their memories and experiences they had during their childhood.In Jessicas point of view, without memory, we are just like a program that is shut down and never able to be retrieved back again. A handful of critics might not concur with this concept and stipulated that if we dont remember part of our past, therefore we are not ourselves. I would like to go one step ahead and elaborate further to what they have said. Memory and brain is intricately linked and h ighly dependent on all(prenominal) other. However, our brain is not capable of storing every information that is present to us, but those that appears happening, outlandish and appears important to us turns a memory memorable. Shortly put, our brain and memory is similar to a filter. Bits of information is filtered and the residues left on the filter are those unforgettable memories. Those that are channeled out from the filter is conceived to be menial by the brain. pretend this for an example, I was strolling down a park one day, along the curbs I saw neatly trimmed grasses, flowers that smell like candy, a man seance on a beach reading a book. All of a sudden, a stray dog aimlessly chased after me and I finally got taken over by the dog. Chances are, ten years later, when you happened to bumped into the same park, the first thing that comes to mind is that you remembered being chased by a dog. The rest of the details you experienced earlier didnt crossed your mind. Notwithst anding, we remained the same person as before. For the most part, the memory of the past evokes us into becoming a better person or the other way round depending on how well we extract the lesson from it. All in all, memory is precursor to how to change the way we live and ultimately, choose to character we desire to be.Part B1. The passage is stating that we humans are nothing more than just a body who doesnt have purpose and meaning in tone because in the end, we died and that is that. All our entire lives were fixed at the notion that we humans are unique because of we are rational, conscious, have purpose in life when in fact that is not the case. These abilities that are supposed to be designated at a particular way might not be it is meant to be. From young, these inheritable abilities bar in our veins and to reject these unique abilities sounds implausible. Therefore, everybody living in this earth considered to be living a wrong life due to the fact that their abilities ar ent supposed to move like everybody else does. Who knows the instinct, senses, motivation that we have been told arent what they really are. They are all reducible to only physical body, and only that. That being said, this concept of human are outlay nothing propels the Nazis to build the concentration camps and exterminate the humans. Why the Nazis themselves werent killed was they perceive themselves as beyond the normal human beings. They are superior than the prisoners and believed to have more highly-developed abilities the humans, and above all, invincible. The idea of mass killing the humans is as if they destined to be getting rid of. This truly shows that the Nazis treat human nature as non-human. Basically, we are nothing but objects and materials to them. Due to their perception of this, m all human lives were lost. This whole passage is set on the materialists view that human is just a physical entity with no immaterial mind. Also, Charles Darwins theory stated that h uman nature has no purpose and not unique could be partly linked to this passage.2. of contrast and soil is that humans are just plain body without purpose in life, therefore are meant to be killed. On the other hand, at the desks and in lecture halls of nihilistic scientists and philosophers means that all this problem of mass killing of humans stems from the fact that the philosopher and scientists believe that humans have no value. It was not started from ministry but from education by nihilistic scientists. Thats why not everyone is being influence. Because its not at order, its just lectures and teachings. This triggers the Nazis to build a world of their own and decide to kill those human beings.Part CJessicas response1. No, I could be in the perfect virtual reality appliance and not know itNo, I monger be sure Im awakeNo, I cant be sure Im not in the MatrixNo, its a real possibilityI believe that there is a reality independent of my experience, and that it is a real possib ility that we dont have knowledge of this reality. Nevertheless, I believe that it will be possible to behave the skeptics. We will find a way to know were not living in the matrix.You selected the heroic response2. This action at law really intrigued me because for the very first time, it allows me to see reflect about the real world were living in. This activity, too in a way lets me to set things into new perspective and taught me a lesson of learning to decide in and open up to new possibilities although sometimes they contradicts my belief. However, as I was halfway through the activity, I had a funny feeling that this activity was sorry and intrusive because it pervades my original concept of this world. Before this activity, I already have a vivid picture of what Im going to do in the future. Everything seemed impeccable until this activity came along. To say Im living in matrix sounds absurd, near impossible. This is all because what Im doing in the past or right now wor th nothing. After every experience I have been through, be it good or bad, is not genuine, but rather controlled by a ultra-sophisticated machine that inseminate you the experience. In other words, experience is contrived. Whats more, the judgment, ideas, arguments every human has come up with is all formed by this machine, to create the machine thinks is a more vibrant and livable world. I am merely just a character selected by the machine playing in this feisty of life. Whats inside you is just instructions and algorithms that is written by the machine and you just simply adhere it. Even our families and friends arent truly our families and friends, they happened to be the same exactly like me, selected by machine. In this case, essence is prior to existence. The essence itself is skilfully structured out by the machine, they have crafted the future for us. Yes, unless science has proven were not living in a matrix, I am convinced we are living in a virtual reality, plugged into a computer without us even noticing we are being plugged. For one, there are never any 100% absolute truth in a single theory. For instance, some researchers might show that exercise will make you lose weight trance some others disagree. This is to exemplify that there is never a consensus among us human. To deny the fact we are living in a real world and no such possible as matrix is to suggest that we refuse to open up to any possibilities. Truth is, we cant be entirely sure of everything, but rather everything is unsure and not fully been tapped into.Jia Yiis Response No, I could be in the perfect virtual reality machine and not know itYes, I know I am awake.No, I cant be sure Im not inside the matrix.No, Its a real posibility.2. I believe that there is a reality independent of my experience, and that it is a real posibility that we dont have knowledge of this reality. Nevertheless, I believe that it will be possible to answer the sceptics. We will find a way to know were not l iving in the Matrix.You selected the heroic responseFor my opinion, I think this is activity is basically fun. It made me thinks twice of what I am doing now. Somehow, Im having doubts of it. What I did everything for the 19 years of my life, was it worth doing it I even position that was it worth living in this world Somehow, it also made me thought that, was there another world exist that is greater than the world we living in right now This activity made me thought something that I had never thought before. I dont think I could be living in a virtual world. If I am really being controlled by computers, why created so many negative happenings in my life Why always repeating the same thing again and again and again Why do we cry, jape or angry? Why would we have doubts in making a decision or a choice? If we are controlled by computers we shouldnt had emotions and doubts. For example, if you know the game of The Sims, well, its about how we build our virtual characters and build their lives. If its for me, I wouldnt create an unhappy life for my virtual characters. Because its painful. No one controls us but ourselves. We make our own decisions and choices.

The US Hotel Chain Marriott

The US Hotel Chain MarriottU.S. hotel chain Marriott internationalist is one of the largest transnational muckles in the human beings. According to the corporations data, e actually fourth tourist in America stays in Marriott internationalistic hotels.Rapidly spreading its influence in the world, Marriott sets the goal to win and retain the leading position in the hotel grocery, video display a special concern with respect to the guests, business partners, employees and society as a whole. The business of Marriott Corporation is built on fundamental ideals of service provided to customers, employees and society. These ideals ar perpetual, unique and make the company a successful manager, being the cornerstone for all employees of the company.In this section, the main study focus is on the data of preliminary research conducted with the purpose of identifying current practices of Marriott International under the conditions of globalization and the impact of globalization on Ma rriotts sales, grocerying, HR, and brand positioning approaches, while outlining the main advantages Marriott international inwardly this context.History of Marriott International, Inc.The history of this hotel corporation is a vivid example of the embodiment of the Ameri plenty dream traditional for several generations of U.S. citizens. Thousands of now flourishing companies started their long transit to success just like Marriott.In May 1927, a 26-year-old man from Utah, John Marriott and his wife opened the eatery for nine seats in Washington. Johns lucky dowery and business skills helped him to survive the collapse of the U.S. economy during the Great Depression in the late thirties he was already the averer of a regional eating place chain The Shoppe Inc. and the eponymous company specialized in the delivery of hot meals for passengers of local airlines. John Marriott acquired his first hotel in 1957. It was called the Twin Bridges Marriott Motor Hotel, and was placed i n Arlington (Virginia). John wanted to create a family business and eventually handed over the management of the company to his son. Marriott Jr. conducted business as soundly as his father did (Marriott and Brown, 1997).In 1964 the company was renamed as Marriott Corporation. The Corporation expressed interest in everything that was associated with restaurant and hotel business, and when in 1977 the sales revenues of enterprises in which Marriott had a claim crossed one billion dollars, John Marriott Jr. realized that the property management consumes no less benefits than its owning. The Corporation developed its own concept of hotel interlock with a limited set of services by the end of the 80s and actively operated in three sectors of the hotel market in the U.S. managing the network of hotels with across-the-board service (Marriott suites), brassy hotels (Residence Inn) and a network of cheap motels (Fairfield Inn) (Marriott and Brown, 1997 OBrien, 1995).In the early 90s, Marriott Corp. had altogether a few dozen hotels outside the U.S.A. Based on the principles of diversification, kept by the virtually of the major companies in the world (in other words Dont put all your eggs in one basket), in 1993 the corporation was split into two companies Marriott International (hotel and real estate management) and Host Marriott (real estate transactions and food delivery). That moment laid the beginning of the active promotion of Marriott International in the international market as the management company (Marriott and Brown, 1997).At the moment, Marriott International Corporation has more than 3500 lodging properties located in the U.S. and in 69 other countries around the world (2010), employing 137,000 sight (Marriott International Company Profile, 2010).Table 2.1. Marriott International Hotel Brands and Property Count(December 2009- December- 2010)Marriott-12-31-10-Hotel-Count-globalGlobalization Strategies and PracticesMarriott controls more than half a million hotel rooms worldwide, while owning only 0,3% of them. Half of the remaining rooms is a franchise. This means that hotel owners allocate 5% to 6% of their incomes to Marriott as a fee for using the companys name as soundly as for using rooms reservation system. Marriott manages the other half of hotel rooms by charging the owners of the hotel fee for providing this service (Boo, Hillard and Jin, 2010).Acting as an operator, Marriott takes about 65% of income, paying out from this sum the expenses for salaries, utilities, insurance, and purchase of food. 29% of revenue goes to the owner of the hotel. Of this amount, he pays property taxes and mortgage pass judgment, and the rest (if any) he counts to his earnings. Even though some people may be disgruntled and demonize Marriott, the company still has much to be proud of 55% Marriott hotel owners would like their next hotel to be run by this company (Jang and Tang, 2009). Brand and the Marriott reservation system are wor th it.Regional offices Marriot Inc. include (Table 2.2. Table 2.3.) northeastward America (NALO)Asia, Pacific, Australia (APA)The Caribbean, Latin America (CABL)United Kingdom, Ireland, mall East, Africa (UKIMEA)Continental Europe (CE)Central Europe (Germany, Austria, Switzerland)Western and Southern Europe (France, Belgium, Holland, Spain, Italy, Greece, etc.)Eastern Europe (Russia, Armenia, Georgia, Poland, Czech Republic, Romania, Hungary, Kazakhstan).Marriott International manages and provides franchise of hotels under the brands of Renaissance, Marriott, JW Marriott, Ritz-Carlton, Residence Inn, Courtyard, TownePlace Suites, Fairfield Inn, SpringHill Suites and Ramada International the company develops and operates resorts in the vacation ownership under the brands of Marriott Vacation Club International, The Ritz-Carlton Club, Horizons and Marriott Grand Residence Club it offers apartments in Marriott Executive Apartments, provides furnished somatic suites Marriott ExecuStay and operates conference centers (Table 2.4.).Smith Travel Research data state that raising a Marriott flag in the front of a big hotel oblation a full range of hotel services increases its sales by 13% if compared to sales of a hotel with the flag of, for example, Doubletree. Virtually all other Marriott regions from luxury Ritz-Carlton to a commonly neighborly Residence Inn are ahead of their competitors in the indicator of hotel room income by 10% to 30% (A problem shared, 2005).Product Brand PositionThe components of Marriotts corporate style are a company logo, colors, fonts, letterhead, web commit, brand perfumes and accessories. Marriott logo is a rectangle with an image of a sphere the inscription Marriott itself, designed in two canonic colors white and cherry, and golden. A well-established and recognizable corporate style is the key to Marriott brand promotion in the global market.For example, when developing a program to advocate a network of hotels in Moscow, M arriott used the corporate logo and brand image, which is the image of the famous Faberge Easter eggs, which embodies prestige, luxury, and very high consumer value, comparable only with the plant life of the most expensive and fashionable jeweler. For example, Marriott Tverskaya has as its symbol a stylized gold Faberge egg, Marriott Grand 5 *- the blue one, and Marriott Royal 5 * luxury the crimson one. Such approach to corporate style creation can be described as very competent and thoughtful. Relying on the widely popular historic and cultural brands and using countrys national colors, the company certainly enhances the image component of hotel marketing, combining high international standards of service with the national peculiarities of a country and its hospitality traditions (ONeill and Mattila, 2004).Moreover, in to each one room of Marriott hotel chain there are branded forms for letters and branded pens with the hotel name. The rooms use brand linens, and brand aromat ic form _or_ system of government of Marriott hotels.Recently, with the development of Internet and e-mail correspondence, the issue of corporate style of electronic documents has become very topical. Web site today is the first thing that a potential guest sees, and it can help to quickly create an impression about the level of the hotel, the service, room rates, to estimate the location and walk through rooms, restaurants, lounge, as well as to book a room (OConnor, 2008).Marriott Corporation owns over 3500 hotels, and for conveniency there is a single site from which one can get to the site of any hotel of the network in the world. Moreover, the web-sites of the hotels are designed in the same style and structure. Color differences depend on the brand. The common brand Marriott Hotels, Resorts Suites unites many brands, each with its own color scheme for example, Courtyard by Marriott has a green color palette. Site structure is common for all hotels (photo tour, guest rooms i n details, hotel proposals, hotel background information, restaurants and halls, city guide, maps and transport, events plan, Marriott Rewards program, hotels fact-sheet in print format). The web-site is the embodiment of Marriott corporate style and world-class service.Currently, Marriott is included in top 10 international hotel chains and actively moves to the top through expanding its franchise contracts and promoting high level of service and corporate style.Sales MarketingThe major instrument of the company is the fact that a very small percentage of real estate the company manages factually belongs to it. In 1993, Marriott transferred all of its buildings and most of the debt on the balance of the investment real estate marcher Host Marriott, headed by the younger brother of Bill Marriott, while Hilton and Starwood, in contrast, own 30% of hotels under their control. Since Marriott receives a fee for hotel management, vacant hotel rooms bring fewer losses to it than to the o wners, who have to clear the mortgage (A problem shared, 2005).Another component of the success of Marriott is the attention to details. For instance, the rules for cleaning a hotel room set in Marriott include 66 points. The company also shares the aroma marketing approach. Generally, Marriott with great zeal is looking for new clients and opportunities to open new hotels. Taking into account unlike groups of clients and their material resources, the network is developing a variety of brands, change magnitude the amount of service (Table 2.4.)Marriott Hotels and Resorts hotels with full service, managed through a franchise or independently.Renaissance Hotels and Resorts hotels offering full-service fitting facilities for business travelers, vacationers.Marriott Conference Centers full service hotels for conferences and meetings.Courtyard by Marriott division responsible for a hotel chain with relatively low prices.Fairfield Inn by Marriott division responsible for economy cl ass hotel chain.SpringHill Suites division responsible for the chain of secondary and higher-class hotels targeted at business and leisure travelers, especially women and children.Residence Inn by Marriott leader in the segment of the long stay hotels.TownePlace Suites division responsible for long stay hotel chain with relatively low prices.Marriott ExecuStay business unit that provides accommodation facilities for 1 month or more.Marriott Executive Apartments division that provides accommodation for business visitors for a period of more than 30 days.Marriott Vacation Club International division applying timeshare system a guest can purchase a week off at the hotel of this class. The system includes 38 exclusive resorts.Ritz-Carlton leading hotel brand in the segment of luxury hotels.The innovative approach that accelerated the development of Marriott, Inc., was also the bonus program for customers, launched in 1983, which now serves as the element of Marriotts corporate st yle. thank to Marriott Rewards, Marriott Corporation has an opportunity to acquire more permanent guests of the Marriott chain. Marriott Rewards program encourages customers for giving preference to Marriott International and its partners, rewarding them for the choice of hotels of the network (Dub and Renaghan, 1999). The participant of Marriott Rewards receives certain points or miles that can be used as payment for accommodation (special certificates) in the hotels of the network or as a discount for buying airline tickets (applied to miles). Points can be used for free accommodation, purchasing discounted packet services around the world, including domestic air transport services, car rental, cruises, etc. Such programs later started to be introduced by other network hospitality companies, but the scheme, devised by Marriott, remains the vanquish one maximum discount combined the highest luxury.Human Resources both corporate culture is an element of corporate style. Marriotts c orporate culture was founded in 1927 and is being kept till this day The discover the company will treat its employees, the better employees will treat customers.Big corporations like Marriott, offer a high service level in many countries around the world. To make all the employees unheeding of their nationality and educational level meet the high standards of the corporation, they should be trained in order to improve their skills. The key to training efficiency in Marriott is its perception as a corporate value which is consistent with the main strategy of the company. A continuous training helps to guarantee high timberland service, comply with the companys strict standards, travel and retain employees, creating staff reserve. Continuous training is also the only way to keep abreast with the changes occurring today and be prepared to their growing pace (Hinkin and Tracey, 2010 Katzenbach, 2000).Every year, Marriott celebrates the anniversary of its foundation (May 20) selecti ng a certain week for it to express the companys gratitude to the employees who are the members of a huge international family Marriott. Advertising and promotion program Marriott Rewards is also a very important part of every employee in the Marriott Corporation.Considering the case of hotel chain Marriott International, it should be noted that in a business famous for its high rates of revenues, Marriott is outstandingly competent at preserving talented managers, which is reflected in low satisfaction gap (Figure 2.2.) (Hinkin and Tracey, 2010). One of the ways to do that is a specific program that trains managers to assoil business situations preparing and encouraging them to seek for promotions to top management positions.Advantages of Marriott, Inc over Competition in terms of GlobalizationMarriott International Hotels have the dispatch of 10% to a higher place the average in the global hospitality industry, while hotel rooms are sold at higher rates than those of direct com petitors (Table 2.5).The advantage in the loading percentage and selling prices is achieved by providing individual and group customers more services than they can get anywhere else. Booking of hotel rooms in the companys hotels is conducted through its own global distribution system (GDS) or via the Internet. Moreover, the system uses the technology of guest recognition of hotels of all brands of the company, and rewards programs for repeat customers. In 1999, the company expended its use of the so-called quality assurance teams, assisting companies to implement advanced network management practices and reduce costs (Dub and Renaghan, 1999).On a whole, Figure 2.3 shows the positive dynamics in RevPAR data for North America Marriott properties for the five fiscal years 2004 -2008 with a peak in 2007Figure 2.3. 2004-2008 RevPAR data for Marriot International (North America)Figure 2ConclusionMarriott dominates in the market for one simple reason it is successful in managing hotels wor ldwide. The hotel managed by Marriott becomes a large hotel with restaurants, shops and business center, room service, in-line and butlers. All hotels of the chain are characterized by the same service, which is based on a clear interaction between all structures and maintained tight control by the head office. Marriott International mission states that the corporation aims to become the best company in the fields of accommodation and services in the world due to the fact that its employees are seeking to provide their customers the best possible services, resulting in benefits for the companys shareholders.In recent years, Marriott International has shown a positive dynamics of development and continues to rapidly spread the chain all over the orb on the basis of franchise contracts. This practice, along with innovative approach to global hotel marketing, Marriott Rewards program, guest recognition technologies, high level of personnel training and constantly increasing level of s ervice, helps Marriott International stay in the top five hotels chains globally.

The Crusades Essay -- European History Europe

The first crusade was started by Pope Urban II in the year 1095 with goals of liberating the sacred metropolis of Jerusalem and the holy get to from the Muslims. What started as an appeal by Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos for western mercenaries to fight the Seljuk Turks in Anatolia quickly turned into a wholesale Western migration and conquest of territory outside of Europe. In July of 1099 Knights from western Europe captured the urban center of Jerusalem, thus establishing the kingdom of Jerusalem and other reformist states. Although the gain of Jerusalem lasted less than two-hundred years. The major turning point of Western power was the first crusade. Urban planned the departure of the crusade for August 15, 1096, the banquet of the Assumption, but months before this a number of unexpected armies of peasants and lowly knights organized and set off for Jerusalem on their own. They were led by a magnetized monk and powerful orator named Peter the Hermit of Amiens. The response was beyond expectations while Urban might have expected a few one thousand knights, he ended up with a migration numbering up to 100,000 albeit mostly unskilled fighters, including women and children.Lacking military discipline, and in what likely seemed to the participants a strange land (eastern Europe) with strange customs, those first Crusaders quickly landed in trouble, in Christian territory. The problem faced was one of supply as well as purification the people needed food and supplies, and they expected host cities to give them the foods and supplies. Having left Western Europe early, they had missed out on the great harvest of that spring, quest years of drought and bad harvest. Unfortunately for the Crusaders, the locals did not always agree, and this qu... ...m to fast and then march in a barefoot procession around the city walls, after which the city would fall in nine days, following the Biblical example of Joshua at the siege of Jericho. On July 8, 1099 t he crusaders performed the procession as instructed by Desiderius. The Genoese troops, led by commander Guglielmo Embriaco, had previously dismantled the ships in which the Genoese came to the set apart Land, Embriaco, using the ships wood, made some siege towers and seven days by and by on July 15, the crusaders were able to end the siege by breaking down sections of the walls and entering the city. Some Crusaders also entered through the former pilgrims entrance. Having captured Jerusalem and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, the crusading vow was now fulfilled. However, there were many who had gone home before reaching Jerusalem, and many who had never left Europe at all.

The IQ Debate Essay -- Intelligence

information can be defined in many different ways. This concept has been the focus of numerous studies and investigations by psychologists and other scientific experts. Intelligence can be the mental ability to reason, plan ahead, understand a wide range of complex issues and learn from past experiences (Gottfredson, 1997). Intelligence is the resultant of the puzzle out of acquiring, storing in memory, retrieving, combining, comparing, and using in new contexts information and conceptual skills (Humphreys, 1979)Intelligence is commonly measured through the use of a number of scales and quantitative measures, alike(p) the Intelligence Quotient (IQ), developed by Alfred Binet in early 20th century to identify which French children needed more attention from their educators. The use of IQ tests more and more spread to all parts of the world. The use of these tests has raised controversy among psychologists and educators, with supporters of IQ tests assuming that the tests produ ce measure of genetically transmitted recognition. On the other hand, critics of the tests retain pointed out that IQ test provides a measure that defines intelligence through the use of cultural deterministic concepts. The ethnocentrism embedded in the assumptions of many commentators, has generated into a excuse for a number of theoretical approaches, like those by Charles Murray and others (http//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/850358.stm).The dichotomy between the view that intelligence levels are affected by situational factors and the view that intelligence is genetically transmitted has dominated psychological debates on IQ throughout decades. The statements made by many commentators that intelligences depends on genetic factors has been ... ...c factors, plainly to education, parental supervision and other situational and environmental factors. BIBLIOGRAPHYGottfredson, L.S. (1997) Foreword to intelligence and social policy. Intelligence Volume 24 (number1) pp. 112.Humph reys, L. G. (1979). The construct of general intelligence. Intelligence. Volume 3 (Number 2) pp. 105120.Marshall, G. (1994) (ed.), The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Sociology (Oxford Oxford University Press.Safer, M. A. (1980). Attributing evil to the subject, not the situation Student reaction to Milgrams film on obedience. Personality and affable Psychology Bulletin, 6, 205209.Sutherland, E. H. (1947) Principles of criminology. Chicago J. B. Lippincott (4th Edition) . Zimbardo, P. G. (1999). The Psychology of Evil. Stanford Universityhttp//www.sonoma.edu/users/g/goodman/zimbardo.htm

Through the careful reading of American Colonies Essay -- Literary Ana

Through the careful reading of Ameri screw Colonies, written by Alan Taylor, it is clear that there are vast differences as well as a number of similarities between the European competitors as they began to colonize the Americas but diversity can also be found within the colonies they would create. American Colonies shows a dummy up relationship between climate, the state of the economy, and the development of slavery. The varying climate within the Americas proved to be possessed of an enormous impact on the source of revenue a colony would rely on to support its economy and this choice of trade would then quickly affect the need for slaves or lack thereof. It is helpful to have an understanding of the variation of the climate within the colonies since it greatly influenced the development of the economy and, eventually, slavery. The climate of the fatherland of each of the European competitors is also important to the way in which they settled the colonies as well as what they would appreciate when they began in their production or trade. The Chesapeake was fortunate to have rich soil that was ready to be farmed as well as a long growing season. However, they also suffered from hot and humid temperatures that often triggered diseases such as malaria. The colonists of New England found a oft colder and less plentiful environment but it did create a much healthier setting for colonial life. The land of New England was similar to England, full of hills and intemperate forests, stony soil, and a short growing season (159). New France had harsh, long winters and a short growing season. They continued to be an expense to France since they were unable to suffer many demanded goods for their homeland. New Netherlands climate was more fertile and temperat... ...ome treating them better then others, and some having more or less slaves than others, they still accepted the judgement that they were in fact superior, as a result of their common European origins.Th e climate of the colonies clearly affected the production and trade of goods, while the climate of their homeland affected the colonists knowledge and survival rate. What the colonists were able to produce created their economy, affected the economy of their mother country, and impacted their development of slavery as well. As we have seen differences can be found not only between the European competitors and the colonies they would create but also between the British American colonies as well. When taking a closer look at American Colonies, their differences are able to stand out and help one further understand their development and their effect on their progress.

Essay --

INCREASED FLEXIBILITYAccording to Forbes (2013) home-based work accounts for savings of much than $10,000 per employee per year...With the introduction of new technology (ICT), Tescos office staff can now work from home, and communicate using laptops, tablets and smartphones. This is a get for Tesco because they will save bullion on reducing the number of office facilities - less office ara is filmed as people are working from home. In addition, another benefit is that the homeworkers and people who are working in the office can use the same software to carry out their tasks, and save them on the Cloud storage. This reduces the need for buying expensive hard drives and memory sticks.Also, flexible working practices (homeworking) can increase employees motivation because they feel valued. Therefore, the work will be of higher tincture (more professional) and higher quantity (more tasks completed). Improved communication and communication cost reductionICT allowed Tesco to use e-mails and video-conferencing to improve the communication systems.E-mail is a very good dash of communicating (especially when people are working from home), and it enables Tesco staff toexperience fast and instant communication with other Tesco staff in the world, save money on sending mails (paper, envelopes and stamps are not needed),sent e-mails to many people at one time, andsend documents as attachments (meeting documents, decisions, budgets).Video-conferencing is providing Tesco with the opportunity to hold international meetings without the need to pass away (less working time is lost, and money is saved on transport and accommodation).Access to the vast amount of dataBy using ICT, Tesco can access the net income to find ... ...ted because the cheap products (Tesco own brand products) are not on sale. Therefore, some profits will be lost as less products are sold and brand image will be damaged as the customers are dissatisfied.ConclusionAs the presentation outlined, there are 5 substantive advantages and 5 significant disadvantages for Tesco of using ICT. All of them are very important for Tesco to consider, because they can make the difference in terms of efficiency, flexibility, profitability and productivity. The advantages of ICT can be described as great sources of success, whereas the disadvantages can be explained as the factors that stops and slows Tesco from achieving the success. Therefore, it is very important for Tesco to monitor the progress met towards finding the best way of overcoming the disadvantages, and fail more competitive and more successful in the market.

Drawing and Painting Media :: Art

Drawing and Painting MediaPencils Are Ace-Pencils are classified by their hardness (H) and Blackness (B) andrange from 9H to 9B.An HB pencil is in the kernel as its both hard and black, and is goodfor general sketching.A harder pencil (like a 2H) is better for precise, technical drawingsas it wont daub so easily.1) Pencils are made from a mixture of graphite (a form of carbon) and clay.2) Coloured pencils come in a range of colours and a material body of hardnesses. The softer ones are best for laying even, flat colour and are less likely to break.Inks, Paints, Pastels, Dry-transfer Lettering Also Ace-1) Inks are pigments suspended in piddle or solvent. Theyre good for colour infilling, background washes and writing.2) Gouache is a type of opaque paint, which is ideal for producing flat areas of colour, or highlights on renderings (e.g. coats of plaster, mortar, etc.).3) Pastels come in both varieties oil and chalk. Chalk pastel is particularly good for producing backgrounds on renderings, or adding tone and shading. Its easily blended using your fingers or cotton wool.4) Dry-Transfer earn is applied with pressure from a waxed translucent sheet onto drawings or prototype models. It comes in various typefaces, sizes, styles and colours.Airbrushes B pocket-size A Mist Of Ink-1) Airbrushes corrupt a fine mist of ink from a reservoir onto an image area, using compressed air from a compressor or a power look at (can of compressed air).2) Its a time-consuming medium you have to mask all the areas you dont want to airbrush using a low tack clear film and a craft knife. Plus you need loads of practice to do it well.3) You can get really great photo-realistic results, if you lie with what youre doing. There are excellent examples of airbrushing on various record/CD sleeves, posters and adverts.4) Airbrushing effects can also be achieved with some computer packages, e.g. adobe Photoshop.Felt Pens And Markers Water-Based Or Spirit-Based-Water-based pens arent suitable for large areas because they dryquickly and leave streaks.1) Fine-liners come in a variety of thicknesses and colours. Theyre great for outlining drawings.